Saturday, 18 March 2023

Window Seat. Weekly column in English. 19.3.23

 

Window Seat | Mrinal Chatterjee | 19. 3. 23

Resolving Man-Elephant Conflict

In recent years man-elephant conflict has become a major issue in India, where human populations and elephant habitats often overlap- like In Dhenkanal, Odisha where I live. As many as 784 elephants have died in the State of Odisha in the last ten years- many of them due to accidents, poisoning by the poachers and electrocution.



Under this backdrop- ‘The Elephant Whisperers’, documentary film directed by Kartiki Gonsalves and produced by Guneet Monga- which won the Oscar this year for the best documentary  came as a soothing balm. 

The film tells the story of a community who work as elephant trainers and caretakers, known as mahouts. The women are part of a tradition that dates back centuries, and they share a deep bond with their elephants.

The film explores the daily lives of these community and their elephants, highlighting the challenges they face in a changing world. It also showcases the unique relationship between the mahouts and their elephants, revealing the deep emotional connection that exists between them.

The film is a powerful tribute to the resilience and strength of the human-animal bond, and the enduring traditions that connect us to the natural world.

I guess, this emotional connection coupled with some practical steps and some policy level interventions can contain this conflict.

The tragedy of being Anna Hazare

Anna Hazare is 86 now. Born on 15 June 1937, in a family with humble means, he had a rough childhood, modest education but an indomitable spirit. He was drafted into the Army in 1960, where he initially worked as an army truck driver and was later attested as a soldier. In at least two occasions he escaped death miraculously and   then decided to “dedicate my new life to serving people”. He was discharged from the Army in 1975 after completing 12 years of service.

He returned to his village Ralegan Sidhi and started working for his village, improving the economic condition of the people, getting rid of vices like alcoholism. He started grain bank and some water shed programmes. He helped establish a school, the first one in his village. Gradually he gravitated to activism. Between 1998 and 2006  he campaigned for amending the Gram Sabha Act, so that villagers have a say in the village's development. I*n 1991 Hazare launched the Bhrashtachar Virodhi Jan Andolan (BVJA, People's Movement against Corruption), a popular movement to fight against corruption in rural Mahatastra. In the early 2000s Hazare led a movement in Maharashtra state which forced the state government to enact a revised Maharashtra Right to Information Act. This Act was later considered as the base document for the RTA 2005.

In 2011, Hazare campaigned for Jan Lokpal Bill, a stronger anti-corruption measure. This campaign catapulted him into the center stage. It gradually turned into an anti-corruption movement with thousands joining him. However, as it grew in volume, there were differences of opinions among the leaders regarding the focus and objective of the movement. On June 2013 Anna publicly disassociated himself from the anti-corruption movement.

The anti-corruption movement which made Anna Hazare a household name in India has long fizzled out. His close associates have moved on and acquired better positions. Arvind Kejriwal became the CM of Delhi. Kiran Bedi became the governor of Puducherry. Ramdev Baba is presently the owner of a huge FMCG empire.

Anna Hazare is largely forgotten. He has disappeared from public mind space. Nobody now wears ‘I am Anna Hazare’ inscribed Gandhi topi. Nobody wears banyan with his smiling face printed on it.     

Anna now lives in his village, slightly bitter and skeptic as he says in a recent interview: “Common people have started looking only for their own interest. The leadership is also not coming forward.”

Climate Change and Human Mobility

Recently we had an orientation programme for young journalists on ‘climate change and human mobility’ at our Institution, organized by ‘Youth 4 Water’. Climatologists and social scientists believe that climate change will have significant impacts on human mobility, both internally within countries and internationally across borders. The effects of climate change, such as sea-level rise, extreme weather events, droughts, and floods, are likely to exacerbate existing patterns of migration and displacement, as well as create new ones in many countries including India.

India is already experiencing the effects of climate change, including rising temperatures, (temperatures in India have risen by 0.7 °C (1.3 °F) between 1901 and 2018) more frequent and intense heat-waves, (In May 2022 severe heat-wave was recorded in Pakistan and India. The temperature reached 51 °C.), changes in rainfall patterns, and increased frequency and severity of extreme weather events such as floods, droughts, and cyclones.

These changes are likely to have a significant impact on human mobility in India, as people are forced to move from their homes due to the effects of climate change. For example, farmers may have to move to different regions to find suitable land for agriculture, while people living in low-lying coastal areas may be forced to move to higher ground due to the risk of flooding.

Additionally, climate change is likely to exacerbate existing social and economic inequalities in India, making some groups more vulnerable to the impacts of climate change than others. For example, low-income communities living in informal settlements may be more vulnerable to the effects of extreme weather events, as they often lack access to adequate infrastructure and services that can help protect them from these events.

India is doing reasonably well in containing climate change. India has ranked 8th in the Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) 2023. India ranked 10th in CCPI, 2022. CCPI tracks countries’ efforts to combat climate change.

But the problem with our country is that we are big, varied and vulnerable. We need to work both at the micro (at individual and community) as well macro (international cooperation and policy) levels.

Tail piece: The Chinese way

The Chinese are way ahead of us because of their flexibility... 

A Chinese friend tells me:

"Last month, market was good, my dog ate what I ate. 

Last week, market was bad, I ate what my dog ate. 

Yesterday, market crashed, I ate my dog..." 

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You may read the column here: 
https://www.prameyanews.com/post/window-seat-resolving-manelephant-conflict

This column is also published every Sunday in Sikkim Express.

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